Les Participle Clauses permettent de donner plus d’informations de manière concise. Elles sont très fréquentes à l’écrit.
1. Present Participle Clauses (-ING)
Elles remplacent souvent une proposition relative active ou une conjonction de temps/cause (because, when, while).
- The man standing over there is my uncle. (= who is standing).
- Feeling tired, I went to bed early. (= Because I felt tired).
2. Past Participle Clauses (-ED)
Elles ont un sens passif.
- Books written by Hemingway are famous. (= which were written).
- Shocked by the news, she couldn’t speak. (= Because she was shocked).
3. Perfect Participle Clauses (Having + Participe Passé)
Elles soulignent qu’une action est terminée avant une autre.
- Having finished his work, he went home. (= After he had finished).
À toi de jouer ! ✍️
Remplace la partie en gras par une Participle Clause.
À toi de jouer ! ✍️
#1**Because I didn't know** what to do, I asked for help. -> what to do, I asked for help.
#2The paintings **that were stolen** have been found. -> The paintings have been found.
#3**After he had seen** the movie, he went to bed. -> the movie, he went to bed.
#4The people **who live in that house** are friendly. -> The people in that house are friendly.
#5**When she arrived** at the station, she called me. -> at the station, she called me.
#6**Because she was born** in Italy, she speaks Italian. -> in Italy, she speaks Italian.
#7**Since I had lost** my keys, I couldn't get in. -> my keys, I couldn't get in.
#8The girl **who is playing** the piano is my sister. -> The girl the piano is my sister.
#9**Because I was tired**, I fell asleep. -> , I fell asleep.
#10The bridge **which was built** in 1900 is still used. -> The bridge in 1900 is still used.