En anglais, le déterminant possessif s’accorde avec le POSSESSEUR (celui qui possède) et non avec l’objet possédé. C’est l’un des points les plus importants à maîtriser pour un francophone !
1. La Liste Complète
| Sujet | Possessif | Traduction | Exemples |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | My | mon, ma, mes | My car, my books. |
| You | Your | ton, ta, tes | Your phone, your ideas. |
| He | His | son, sa, ses (à lui) | His dog, his sister. |
| She | Her | son, sa, ses (à elle) | Her bag, her brother. |
| It | Its | son, sa, ses (objet/animal) | The cat and its toy. |
| We | Our | notre, nos | Our house, our parents. |
| You | Your | votre, vos | Your city, your names. |
| They | Their | leur, leurs | Their children, their car. |
2. La règle d’or : HIS ou HER ?
En français, on dit “sa voiture” que le possesseur soit un homme ou une femme. En anglais, c’est différent !
- Si le possesseur est un homme, on utilise HIS.
- Tom has a car. It is his car. (Sa voiture - à lui)
- Tom has a sister. She is his sister. (Sa sœur - à lui)
- Si le possesseur est une femme, on utilise HER.
- Sarah has a car. It is her car. (Sa voiture - à elle)
- Sarah has a brother. He is her brother. (Son frère - à elle)
3. Points importants à retenir
- Pas d’accord avec l’objet : Contrairement au français, “my” ne devient pas “ma” ou “mes”. On dit my father, my mother, my friends.
- Jamais de “S” au pluriel : On ne rajoute jamais de “s” à un possessif. On dit their children, pas “theirs children”.
- Its vs It’s : Attention ! Its (sans apostrophe) est le possessif. It’s (avec apostrophe) est la contraction de “It is”.
💡 Attention aux erreurs classiques !
- Erreur : Sarah has a brother. It’s his brother. -> Correction : It’s her brother.
- Erreur : I like yours shoes. -> Correction : I like your shoes.
- Erreur : They live with theirs parents. -> Correction : They live with their parents.
À toi de jouer ! ✍️
Complète avec le bon déterminant possessif (my, your, his, her, its, our, their).
À toi de jouer ! ✍️
#1 I have a cat. name is Felix.
#2 Sarah is here with brother, Tom.
#3 Tom lost keys yesterday at the park.
#4 We love new house in the countryside.
#5 Do you have passport for the trip?
#6 They are talking to friends on the phone.
#7 The dog is wagging tail because it's happy.
#8 I like your shoes. Where did you buy shoes?
#9 This is my sister and this is husband, Mark.
#10 He is washing car in the garage.
#11 Jane and Mike sold old house.
#12 Is this phone, Sarah? No, it's Tom's.
#13 We must finish homework before dinner.
#14 The tree is losing leaves.
#15 I forgot umbrella. Can I share yours?